Public finance · IMF World Economic Outlook 2026 · data year 2025
Canada's government debt is 113.5% of GDP. Subtract what it owns and it is 10.2%.
Headline debt rankings and net debt rankings tell different stories. Guess first, then sort 87 governments both ways.
Your guess
Canada's gross debt is 113.5% of GDP. What is its net debt, after subtracting financial assets?
60% of GDP
Gross debt113.5%
Net debt10.2%
You were off by0
87 governments, two measures
Gross debt, % of GDPNet debt, % of GDP
Where the world stands
At the IMF-World Bank Annual Meetings in Bangkok on 14 October 2026, the IMF's Fiscal Monitor was reported to put global public debt at 94% of world GDP in 2025, heading for about 100% by 2029. Energy subsidies were put at around 0.5% of global GDP. These are news-report figures; the IMF's own report page returned an access error (HTTP 403) when opened for this page.
Sources and one caveat
Gross and net general government debt, 2025, IMF World Economic Outlook 2026 edition (cited as WEO2026), as transcribed on Wikipedia, List of countries by government debt, opened 25 Oct 2026. Wikipedia is a secondary source here because the IMF data portal returned HTTP 403.
Definitions as given there: net debt equals gross debt minus financial assets that are debt instruments. General government covers central, regional and local governments and social security funds.
Caveat: only the 87 countries with both a gross and a net figure are shown (China, India, Singapore and Greece have gross only). The page does not say whether the table is the April or October 2026 edition, and net debt depends on which assets each country counts and how they are valued. Norway's net figure is off the chart at -160.2%.